Economic Factors of Vulnerability Trade and Exploitation

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### Rating (1--4):
+ 3: Weak Accept -- This paper may have flaws, but I would not argue against it at a major conference

### What did this paper do well?

+ Good time span 2010 - 2017
+ Presenting some interesting knowledge regarding an exploit market
+ Presenting a good number of references to other papers - might as well be considered as a very good survey paper

### Where did this paper fall short?

+ Scope was limited to just RuMarket which does not focus on 0day exploits (the most devastating one)
+ "19 ads selling 35 exploits overall" is quite small for the time span of 7 years ?!
+ The market is quite small. Adding one or more markets (besides RuMarket) in different region (such as China) would be much much better

### What did you learn from reading this paper?

+ "A uniform distribution of costs among exploits in a package"
+ Some insights into an exploit market (RuMarket) such as distributions of exploit package types, pricing, etc.
+ Some keywords regarding exploit markets
+ Depending on attackers' goals, not all newly discovered vulnerabilities will be of their interests.

### What questions do you have about the paper or the area?

+ 3 Vendors per year - How fast this growth rate is when compared with other markets?
+ How many "buyers" are there in the market? Demands should be the main factor driving any market, shouldn't it? If so, how would registration criteria like 6-month participation in affiliated forum affect the rate of potential customers?
+ What are the chances of EKIT hacking as a service provider can be traced back from their users? (FBI agents "rent" the service and trace back to the provider) This could be a good question for law enforcements - one stone hits several birds.
+ What are the relationships between exploit markets and bug bounty markets?